History of the Municipality
The Municipality of Stylida extends in the northeastern part of the Regional Unit of Fthiotida at a distance of about 17 km from the city of Lamia and 225 km from Athens. The Municipality borders with the Municipalities of the Regional Unit of Fthiotida Lamia to the west and Domokos to the northwest, while to the north it borders with the Municipality of Almyros of the Regional Unit of Magnesia. The area of the municipality is 463,9 sq.km and represents 10,5% of the total area of the Regional Unit, while it has a population density of about 31,7 inhabitants per sq.km.
A characteristic feature of the geographical position of the Municipality of Stylida is the fact that it is located at the boundary of the Regional Unit of Fthiotida with the Regional Unit of Magnesia and at a relatively short distance from the capital of the former (Lamia), while the fact that Stylida is essentially the port of the region gives the area a special economic role. Access to the area is either by road, from the PATHE road axis, which until today runs through the area and the old Lamia-Volos national road, or by rail from the local railway line Lianokladi-Lamia-Stylida.
At a distance of a little more than half a kilometer from the natural bay formed by the Maliac Gulf and between the old highway Lamia-Volos and the PATHE road axis is the town of Stylida (known from antiquity by the name “Falara”), the largest town in the region, which has all the services and is the seat of the new municipality of the same name. The new Municipality of Stylida includes the former municipalities of Stylida, Echinaia and Pelasgia.
As regards the morphology of the municipality, there is a diversity in the topography of the area, as it extends at the foot of Mount Athrios with an amphitheatrical layout in the centre of a vast olive grove, which enhances its natural and aesthetic specificity.
The town of Stylida is located on the site of the ancient city of Falara, with the remains of the walls of the ancient city of the Achaean Phthiotes still visible in some places. Most of the settlements that make up the municipality are located at the foothills of Othrios. With the exception of the coastal settlements (such as Aghi Marina, Karavomilos, Achinos and Raches) which are built in lowland areas, the other settlements, including Pelasgia (the old seat of the municipality of the same name), have significant slopes and differences in altitude between their highest and lowest points.
South and west at the foot of the mountain we find the town of Stylida, seat of the current municipality of the same name. As mentioned above, it is known from antiquity under the name “Falara” and today only some parts of its castles are preserved. According to excavations, the history of Stylida seems to be more interesting than the present inhabitants of the area know. At the beginning of the 4th century BC it came under the possession of the Malians. It is assumed that Falara did not develop as a settlement until the Roman occupation and later. Much later, Stylida became known as the northernmost city of Greece when the first Greek state was first recognized and delimited. Because of its strategic importance, Stylida was an outlying station of the first railway network, probably because Stylida defined the eastern (and only passable) passage to northern Greece at that time. In modern history, it is noteworthy that the first Environmental Education Centre in Greece was created in Stylida, with a twin station in Ipati, so that the control of the Maliacus-Oiti-Spercheios ecosystem was possible.
The settlement of Achinos is built on the site of the ancient “Echinos”. Echinos or Echinoundas was a city of the Phthian Achaeans and the capital of the kingdom of Achilles, according to the historian Polybius.Archaeological findings testify that Echinos and its area was inhabited during the Middle Helladic period (1900 – 1600 BC).There are also buildings, which show that today’s Achinos has a recent and remarkable history.
Pelasgia took its name from the first inhabitants of Greece, the Pelasgians. In ancient times it was also known as “Khangasti Larissa” or “Larissa Pelasgia”.The name Larissa or Pelasgia that exists in ancient times is related to the first inhabitants of Greece, the Pelasgians.The word Larissa is also Pelasgian and has the meaning of the fortress or citadel. The other ancient name of Kremasti Larissa is due to the fact that the houses of the ancient city were built around the acropolis and on a hill and were seen from afar especially to those who sailed in the sea of the Maliac Gulf as if they were hanging on the hill.The inhabitants of the area were engaged in trade, viticulture and shipping.Copper mines also operated in the area.The result of this production is the minting of coins in the form of Achilles in the 3rd century BC.In the years that followed, the history of the region includes Persian wars, Macedonian and then Aetolian and Roman rule.
In the Byzantine era and during the Gothic invasions the area was deserted. Slavic and Bulgarian invasions followed, under whose occupation Larissa Kremasti, as it was called until then, was renamed ‘Gardiki Kremasti Larissa’. This name was retained until 1926, when it took back its old name, which it keeps until today, Pelasgia. In July 1470 it fell into the hands of the Turks and, according to various accounts, most of the population was transferred to Constantinople.During the revolution of 1821, two of the most important events occurred in the region: the Battle of Pelasgia in 1821 and one of the greatest atrocities committed by the Turks in the region, the massacre at the Vela River.In 1832 Pelasgia was completely liberated from the Turks and the economic and social development of the region began.
During the period of the Turkish occupation, Achladi was a Turkish siphili. After the liberation, the area was given by the first Greek Government to Olympios Giorgakis or Zakka, a chieftain from Grevena, as compensation for what he lost in the Struggle.In 1922-1923, the refugees of Eastern Thrace settled in the area and the clergy was distributed to them together with the locals.
Seeing the settlement of Raches from above, we notice that it is built on a cluster of rachoules and from this fact it got its name. The presence of the village of Raches in this area dates back to before the occupation of Fthiotiko area by the Turks because it is referred to in the Turkish tapia as ‘tsifliki Raches’. The ancient city of ‘Alopi’ is located in the place where the present settlement is built.